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BRITTANY BREED HISTORY AND AKC STANDARD

Known since the mid-19th century in the French province by the same name, the Brittany is the smallest of the versatile gun dogs. Though spaniel-sized (average 30 to 45 lbs.), the Brittany is a pointing breed, not a spaniel. The Brittany points and holds his game, and retrieves both on land and in water. He is used primarily on upland game in the United States, but is used on both fur and feather in France. The Brittany is a dog without extremes. This is a compact, closely knit dog of medium size, able to cover ground with agility. A Brittany's medium-length coat is flat or wavy, and may be colored orange and white, liver and white, or tri-color, in clear or roan patterns. There are more Dual (field and show) Champion Brittanys than all other Sporting breeds combined. The Brittany is carefully bred to retain this dual purpose: ideally, he should be able to hunt one day, have a bath and compete in the show ring the next day. Brittanys are known for having a keen nose and a very biddable disposition; they bond and work closely with their human partners. This allows the Brittany's success in field trials, hunting tests, conformation shows, obedience trials, agility trials, tracking tests, and about anything else they are given a chance at. The Brittany is easily handled, but sensitive if treated harshly. When not enjoying the sporting life, the Brittany can content himself at home as family pet and guardian. This is a fun-loving, energetic, friendly, gentle and affectionate breed, known to be patient and trustworthy with children. Intelligent and eager to please, with daily exercise the Brittany makes an excellent family pet and companion.  AKC STANDARD   GENERAL APPEARANCE A compact, closely knit dog of medium size, a leggy dog having the appearance, as well as the agility, of a great ground coverer. Strong, vigorous, energetic and quick of movement. Ruggedness, without clumsiness, is a characteristic of the breed. He can be tailless or have a tail docked to approximately four inches. SIZE, PROPORTION, SUBSTANCE Height - 17 1/2 to 20 1/2 inches, measured from the ground to the highest point of the shoulders. Any Brittany measuring under 17 1/2 inches or over 20 1/2 inches shall be disqualified from dog show competition. Weight - SHhould weigh between 30 and 40 pounds. Proportion - So leggy is he that his height at the shoulders is the same as the length of his body. Body Length - Approximately the same as the height when measured at the shoulders. Body length is measured from the point of the forechest to the rear of the rump. A long body should be heavily penalized. Substance - Not too light in bone, yet never heavyboned and cumbersome. HEAD Expression - Alert and eager, but with the soft expression of a bird dog. Eyes - Well set in head. Well protected from briars by a heavy, expressive eyebrow. A prominent, full or popeye should be heavily penalized. It is a serious fault in a dog that must face briars. Skull well chiseled under the eyes, so that the lower lid is not pulled back to form a pocket or haw that would catch seeds, dirt and weed dust. Preference should be for the darker colored eyes, though lighter shades of amber should not be penalized. Light and mean-looking eyes should be heavily penalized. Ears - Set high, above the level of the eyes. Short and triangular, rather than pendulous, reaching about half the length of the muzzle. Should lie flat and close to the head, with the tip rounded very slightly. Ears well covered with dense, but relatively short hair, and with little fringe. Skull - Medium length, rounded, very slightly wedge-shaped, but evenly made. Width, not quite as wide as the length and never so broad as to appear coarse, or so narrow as to appear racy. Well defined but gently sloping stop. Median line rather indistinct. The occiput only apparent to the touch. Lateral walls well rounded. The Brittany should never be "appleheaded" and he should never have an indented stop. Muzzle - Medium length, about two thirds the length of the skull, measuring the muzzle from the top to the stop, and the skull from the occiput to the stop Muzzle should taper gradually in both horizontal and vertical dimensions as it approaches the nostrils. Neither a Roman nose nor a dish-face is desirable. Never broad, heavy or snipy. Nose - Nostrils well open to permit deep breathing of air and adequate scenting. Tight nostrils should be penalized. Never shiny. Color: fawn, tan, shades of brown or deep pink. A black nose is a disqualification. A tow-tone or butterfly nose should be penalized. Lips - Tight, the upper lip overlapping the lower jaw just to cover the lower lip. Lips dry, so that feathers will not stick. Drooling to be heavily penalized. Flews to be penalized. Bite - A true scissors bite. Overshot or undershot jaw to be heavily penalized. NECK, TOPLINE, BODY Neck - Medium length. Free from throatiness, though not a serious fault unless accompanied by dewlaps, strong without giving the impression of being overmuscled. Well set into sloping shoulders. Never concave or ewe-necked. Topline - Slight slope from the highest point of the shoulders to the root of the tail. Chest - Deep, reaching the level of the elbow. Neither so wide nor so rounded as to disturb the placement of the shoulders and elbows. Ribs well sprung. Adequate heart room provided by depth as well as width. Narrow or slab-sided chests are a fault. Back - Short and straight. Never hollow, saddle, sway or roach backed. Slight drop from the hips to the root of the tail. Flanks - Rounded. Fairly full. Not extremely tucked up, or flabby and falling. Loins short and strong. Distance from last rib to upper thigh short, about three to four fingers widths. Narrow and weak loins are a fault. In motion, the loin should not sway sideways, giving a zig-zag motion to the back, wasting energy. Tail - Tailless to approximately four inches, natural or docked. The tail not to be so long as to affect the overall balance of the dog. Set on high, actually an extension of the spine at about the same level. Any tail substantially more than four inches shall be severely penalized. FOREQUARTERS Shoulders - Shoulder blades should not protrude too much, not too wide apart, with perhaps two thumbs' width between. Sloping and muscular. Blade and upper arm should form nearly a ninety degree angle. Straight shoulders are a fault. At the shoulders the Brittany is slightly higher than at the rump. Front Legs - Viewed from the front, perpendicular, but not set too wide. Elbows and feet turning neither in nor out. Pasterns slightly sloped. Down in pasterns is a serious fault. Leg bones clean, graceful, but not too fine. Extremely heavy bone is as much a fault as spindly legs. One must look for substance and suppleness. Height at elbows should approximately equal distance from elbow to withers. Feet - Should be strong, proportionately smaller than the spaniels', with close fitting, well arched toes and thick pads. The Brittany is "not up on his toes." Toes not heavily feathered. Flat feet, splayed feet, paper feet, etc., are to be heavily penalized. An ideal foot is halfway between the hare and the cat foot. Dewclaws may be removed. HINDQUARTERS Broad strong and muscular, with powerful thighs and well bent stifles, giving the angulation necessary for powerful drive. Hind Legs - Stifles well bent. The stifle should not be so angulated as to place the hock joint far out behind the dog. A Brittany should not be condemned for straight stifle until the judge has checked the dog in motion from the side. The stifle joint should not turn out making a cowhock. Thighs well feathered but not profusely, halfway to the hock. Hocks, that is, the back pasterns, should be moderately short, pointing neither in nor out, perpendicular when viewed from the side. They should be firm when shaken by the judge. Feet - Same as front feet. COAT Dense, flat or wavy, never curly. Texture neither wiry nor silky. Ears should carry little fringe. The front and hind legs should have some feathering, but too little is definitely preferable to too much. Dogs with long or profuse feathering or furnishings shall be so severely penalized as to effectively eliminate them from competition. SKIN Fine and fairly loose. A loose skin rolls with briars and sticks, thus diminishing punctures or tearing. A skin so loose as to form pouches is undesirable. COLOR Orange and white or liver and white in either clear or roan patterns. Some ticking is desirable. The orange or liver is found in the standard parti-color or piebald patterns. Washed out colors are not desirable. Tri-colors are allowed but not preferred. A tri-color is a liver and white dog with classic orange markings on eyebrows, muzzle and cheeks, inside the ears and under the tail, freckles on the lower legs are orange. Anything exceeding the limits of these marking shall be severely penalized. Black is a disqualification. GAIT When at a trot the Brittany's hind foot should step into or beyond the print left by the front foot. Clean movement, coming and going, is very important, but most important is side gait, which is smooth, efficient and ground covering. TEMPERAMENT A happy, alert dog, neither mean nor shy. DISQUALIFICATIONS - Any Brittany measuring under 17 1/2 inches or over 20 1/2 inches. - A black nose. - Black in the coat. Approved April 10, 1990 Effective May 31, 1990

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